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Havurat Shalom is a small egalitarian chavurah in Somerville, Massachusetts.〔Profile of Havurat Shalom. (The Pluralism Project ) at Harvard University.〕 Founded in 1968, it is not affiliated with the major Jewish denominations. Havurat Shalom was the first countercultural Jewish community and set the precedent for the national havurah movement. Founded in 1968, it was also a significant in the development of the Jewish renewal movement and Jewish feminism.〔Merle Feld, "Egalitarianism and the ''Havurah'' movement", in Susan Grossman, Rivka Haut, eds., ''Daughters of the King: Women and the Synagogue (A Survey of History, Halakhah, and Contemporary Realities)'' (Jewish Publication Society, 2005), ISBN 978-0827604414, pp. 246-250. (Excerpts available ) at Google Books.〕 Originally intended to be an "alternative seminary", instead it evolved into a "model havurah".〔Riv-Ellen Prell, ''Prayer & Community: The Havurah in American Judaism'' (Wayne State University Press, 1989), ISBN 978-0814319352, pp. 92ff. (Excerpts available ) at Google Books.〕〔Jonathan D. Sarna, ''American Judaism: A History'' (Yale University Press, 2004), ISBN 978-0300129106, pp. 319ff. (Excerpts available ) at Google Books.〕 Founders and members of Havurat Shalom have included Edward Feld,〔 Merle Feld, Michael Fishbane, Everett Gendler, Arthur Green, Barry Holtz, Gershon Hundert,〔Mark Oppenheimer, ''Knocking on Heaven's Door: American Religion in the Age of Counterculture'' (Yale University Press, 2003), ISBN 978-0300100242, pp. 109ff. (Excerpts available ) at Google Books.〕 James Kugel, Alfred A. Marcus, Zalman Schachter-Shalomi, Jim Sleeper, Michael Strassfeld, and Arthur Waskow. Historian Jonathan Sarna has noted that among these members were "the people who would be leading figures in Jewish life in the second half of the 20th century”. ==References== *''Havurat Shalom Siddur'' *Sarna, Jonathan. "'With-It' Judaism: The havurah movement and The Jewish Catalog blended Judaism with the 1960s counterculture" in ''American Judaism: A History'' (Yale University Press, 2004). (Internet reprint ) *Richard Siegel, Strassfeld, Michael and Sharon. ''The Jewish Catalog: A Do-It-Yourself Kit'' 1973 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Havurat Shalom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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